Foreign providers in the Caribbean: pillagers or preceptors?
- countries with an extensive higher education system and a stagnating or declining GER in the current decade (e.g. Australia, Canada, South Africa, UK);
- countries where the GER is low and expansion is relatively slow (e.g. Bangladesh, Kenya, Malawi).
- cross-border supply, where services are transmitted across borders (e.g. distance education programmes);
- the commercial presence of the provider, where service suppliers cross borders to deliver the services on-site (e.g. branch campuses or twinning and franchising arrangements); and
- the presence of individual persons, where an individual crosses borders to provide the service (e.g. staff mobility).
Published August 11, 2014
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